Rights & Wrongs

In the 1970’s, unions demanded an increase of 15-20% in salaries and in 1974 the salaries went up from £20-25 to £70-75. In 1979, Thatcher got rid of the unions. She said higher salaries were causing inflation and that the maximum wage increase could be 5%.

Mohammed Bashir

Box Minder in Combing, John Foster's

Abdul Aziz | Transcript

I got a job as a central lathe turner for one year. Then I tried another factory with a good job, you know. That was funny. When I went there, the foreman came along, and he just ignored me totally. Then he asked the receptionist, ‘Where’s the person who is a central lathe turner?’ She said, ‘He’s there.’ And he looked at me and said, ‘Are you a centre lathe turner?’ I said, ‘Yeah.’ He said, ‘I never thought any Pakistani do that job.’ I said, ‘Probably they don’t. I love this job.’ And he said, ‘Old factory…’ It was John Smith Crane, you know, in Keighley. They used to make a crane on there. He said, ‘He started 1870,’ and 1970… it was 1970 when I went to try the job. ‘There was no Asians, no black person ever employed in our firm. You are the first one on here.’ And then he said, ‘You got a job, but you have to be unionised. You have to be a union member to… It’s an inclusive factory, if you’re not a union member, you can’t work.’ So I said, ‘All right, I will be a union member.’ So I worked there 25, 26 years.

We would pray in the mill. When they start… we take the mat, and this manager would take the mat off us, ‘No, you can’t pray here’. I said ‘Look, I’m Muslim. My machine is running. Foreman’s watching me, they have no complaints, what’s [the] problem [with] you?’ But they don’t like him. So at the end of the day he’s causing trouble, and a big strike for all night shifts. Lasted weeks. ‘Prayer time. It takes only 5, 10 minutes. But somebody’s watching my machine, I pray, then he goes to pray, I’m watching the machine. What’s wrong with that?’ So it’s a decent complaint, you see. So at the end of the day, directors and owners, they said, ‘Ok.’ They said, ‘We don’t need this manager here.’ So they changed him. He was fired.

Abid Hussein

Machine Operator, Highfield Mill (Cleckheaton)

Alerting the Labour Party About Discrimination Against Bangladeshi Workers in 1971

Interviewee: Allan Brack

Allan Brack | Transcript

So I joined the Labour Party and, at that time, the Pakistan/Bangladesh war was happening. And Manningham Ward had a lot of Bangladeshi members. And all from… lots of them from down that Cornwall Road area. And they all worked in the mills. It was pre their families coming. And I got to know a lot of them and met some interesting people. And found out about, you know, the kind of things that people had to do to get jobs in the mills that, you know, if somebody came from Bangladesh or Pakistan, they would actually have to pay to get the job. And they’d have to give the foreman a bottle of whisky and things like that, you know what I mean? So they’d have to borrow to get the job and promise to do more shifts, and things like that. They were celebrating things like Eid in their tea breaks, you know. I mean, you can imagine being in a mill where you’re fasting… and you’re praying in your tea break and it’s sweltering hot. You know, what that must have been like. So I went to the Labour Party Young Socialist conference that year, in 1971, at Skegness. And I stood up and gave this speech about, you know, the Pakistani and Bangladeshis I’d met who’d had to pay to get their jobs. And also, I’d met…and I can’t remember his name, but the most lovely Bangladeshi guy who lived on Oxton Street in Girlington (made a superb fish curry!) But he’d caught his hand in a carding machine. And it was all mangled, a real mess. And he didn’t get any compensation. They said it was his negligence, you know. I also remember, incidentally, about 1968… somewhere between ‘66 and ’68, passing Daniel Illingworth’s mill on Thornton Road. And on the gate where there was the vacancies board, was a notice there saying, ‘No blacks, no Irish need apply.’

Workplace Harassment

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E&S Smith Women Packing by Richard Smith

E&S Smith – Women packing by Richard Smith

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Lifelong Injury from Mill Machinery

My hand got chopped in the machine. I think I was about week or two to hospital. I was off work for about two years. I was doing my job. The operator was on the machine. He knew I was working over there, he told me, ‘What’s wrong with the machine?’ Then, I don’t know how, I was cutting a lap on the roller. Then suddenly the machine start rolling. And I got trapped in… and that person stopped the machine. I got the solicitor. They fought my case on that time. The mill offered some money, but not a lot. About £1500, on that time. In 1963.

Jarnail Ram

Jobber at Allerton Combing Company

Gerald McCauley | Transcript

One incident, we had a lift that used to lift yarn up from one floor to the next. And it was like a lift, but it wasn’t a shop lift or anything like that. Just a platform going up in a caged area. And one day we were putting something…they’d get big sacks of yarn, about so tall, you know. Full of bobbins. And you’d stack them in and lift them up onto the next floor. But this particular time, this lift was going up and it got stuck at the top because a bag had keeled over and jammed. And the lift couldn’t go any further. So, one of the chaps at the top end, on the top floor opened the door. Which he shouldn’t have done. But he opened the door and started to try and release it. But prior to him…they tried to take the lift back down again. The lift… the cables came slack, but the lift didn’t move. So, this guy opened the door at the top, and he pushed his wheels. And the whole lot went down. Head first down the shaft. Down 30 feet, you know. He went down. But I thought, ’Oh, God Almighty, there’s going to be hell to pay over this.’ But he got himself up. Guy got himself up. He was an Asian lad, you know. And he was a big lad, you know. He got himself up, and he put his coat on, and he went home. I thought, ‘My God. ‘And lo and behold, he rolled up the following morning, and got to work, and you never heard another word said about it. And I thought, ‘If that happened now, today, oh my God, you’d be hung, drawn and quartered.’

Shantaben Mistry | Transcript

It was dangerous because one day my cardigan wasn’t buttoned up and it went in, in that machine they used to roll. Not the cap spinning, the machine that goes on and on and it went in. It was so hard to come out because it went inside. Yeah it pulled inside and because it is so much noise no one can hear you, nobody could hear you die. They all did their job, they were looking into there and I was scared. My sweater’s in when it happened but then I pulled it hard and then God helped me it came out or if it rolled double I would have [been] pulled in and maybe they damaged my face or something because it pulls in and in. And my cardigan wasn’t buttoned up so it went straight away in, and rolled. I had to pull because I knew there wasn’t going to be any help.

Trevor Keighley | Transcript

One of the dangers of working with the looms was the shuttles, when the shuttles are going across, across the loom. And if something went wrong with the loom, the shuttles would fly out. And quite often, they flew out the shuttles. And I always remember once, the shuttle flying out, hitting one of the weavers, who collapsed, and her arm went down into the loom, which crushed her arm.

 

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New text

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Arshad Mahmood, Doffer, Spinner and Drawer at John Foster’s (1979-92)

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John Haggas Discrimination Case news headline

John Haggas discrimination case headline

Experiencing Sexism in C.H Fletcher’s as a Designer in 1980's

Photograph: Designer at E&S Smith by Richard Smith | Interviewee: Kate Rawnsley

Kate Rawnsley | Transcript

There was a wonderfully, gorgeously posh girl. For the sake of this recording, we’ll call her Linda. And then there was my colleague, John. Linda dressed immaculately. She had beautiful little mini skirts, gorgeous legs, high heels. Her hair was coiffured, and she had a big tin box on her desk which was full of makeup, and a mirror. And any time she knew that somebody was coming to the office, this tin box would get opened and a mirror was there, and off she was, plastering her face doing all this. It was hysterical. John and myself used to just kill ourselves laughing. But my boss, and possibly a lot of the men there, thought she was the most divine woman ever. Now, at that time… well, I still am a bit out there… I used to wear the craziest clothes ever. It was New Romantics, it was the ‘80s. My boss used to say, ‘Why can’t you be more like Linda? She’s beautiful. Look at those gorgeous legs. Look at you, wearing your wild and weird clothes, in your orange boiler suits.’ And I used to say ‘Because I don’t want to be like that! I want to wear shoes that feel comfortable, and I like what I wear.’ ‘Well, you don’t look feminine.’ And when I asked for a wage rise once he said, ‘This to you should be pin money. You should be married with children.’ I said ‘Well, I don’t want to get married and have children. I just want to be myself. I’m only in my early 20s.’ ‘No, you should learn to be more ladylike.’ Oh, it is… Misogyny was just absolutely horrendous. And it got worse, and the more he hit at me, the more that I got really, really angry with him.

 

Christine Davenport | Transcript

I remember the overlooker, because I wouldn’t take maternity leave. Maternity was different then as well. And so, every now and then he used to throw a ball of wool into the machine as he was walking past. And I used to run like hell to turn that machine button off. The emergency stop off. If I couldn’t have done it…
LMI: It would turn the machine off.
CD: Yeah, because it would get caught round the mandarins, which would then slacken, and they can break the next one on. Now of course, it did used to catch, but I used to get to the stop button before he did. And what it was is, if I couldn’t have done that, I would have been made to go on maternity. And that’s what he did it for. He was testing my reflexes. And it was quite funny because when we were going… We broke up for the Wakes Week fortnight and us overlooker turned round and he says, ‘Oh’ he says, ‘I’ll see you when you’ve had the baby.’ I said, ‘No you won’t. You’ll see me after holiday.’ Lo and behold, the weekend after the holiday, I was missing, because he were born eight weeks early. And then weekend afterwards, I went back in in my normal jeans. And I’m back on the machine with my sister-in-law. And he walks through, stopped, walked back again, looked at me. Baby’s in special care and I’m back to work. He was probably about two weeks old. So I was the breadwinner, you know, I had a mortgage to pay. So I went back to work straight away.

Bullied by women at Bulmer and Lumb

Image by Bradford Museums and Galleries | Interviewee: Lawrence Meer

Lawrence Meer | Transcript

I was very young, so they [the women] sort of bullied you. They’d send you off on fool’s errands and mess you around. They used to ask me to make the wool a bit heavier and say, you know, that they’d doffed 400 bobbins, not 380, because it was more money for them. And I used to sort of… when I had my pen, because they all wore little pinnies, short sleeve pinnies and stuff, and I’d be stood at the side of them, and maybe I’d have my pen to write their weights down, and when they said, ‘Oh put me down for more.’ Which I couldn’t, I couldn’t do that, it was re-weighed by someone else. I used to write on, you know, just do that on their arm with the pen, just, you know. Anyway, one lunchtime, I remember, I’m sat at the side of a machine, all the machines were off at lunchtime, but no one went home for lunch, they just sat there eating their sandwiches. And suddenly these four women came up, got me in a corner, stripped me naked, absolutely naked, Alan, I kid you not. And they… I won’t say where the pens went, but I was well written on, absolutely well written on. I was locked in a skip. They put the lid down on these big basket skips. And I was in there for an hour. Naked. Written on…you know, whatever they’d written – silly things – naughts and crosses…where the naughts went it’s not mentionable! They were a force to be reckoned with.
AD: You must’ve been terrified!
LM: I was terrified! Absolutely. I was scared of the women. I never used to walk down the sides of the machines when they called me.

Lifelong Injury from Mill Machinery

Health and Injury

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Richard Freeman | Transcript

The rooms where the machines were, were gigantic. It was like being in an airport, you couldn’t see from one end to the other. The problem was that the floors of the mills in… 60 years ago when I worked there, were flags. They weren’t wood. And unfortunately the machines used to be oiled. And that oil got onto the flags. And it was quite dangerous because you slipped.

Leg Injury at Moorside Mill

Rainbow School visiting Moorside Mill (now Bradford Industrial Museum) | Interviewee: Paul Mear

Paul Mear | Transcript

Yes, I got injured working at the mill. There were these big bins, as large as this room, if not larger. And they used to fill them with wool. But at the back of those bins was [a] corridor with a stop button and a start button at each end. So there was literally two walls at the side of you. It was a steel frame and then the wood frame on top. And that used to carry the bales from one yard into another. So they’d drop down a chute so they could be stored down there. And what happened, some workmen had been in and taken some wooden lats off. On some occasions, the bales would get twisted. So we’d have to jump on there and run up the corridor and straighten the bales with hand hooks. And what happens when you straighten a bale with a hand hook, it literally pushes you back. And my leg went in between the wood that was moving, and the frame. So I was trapped halfway through, in this mill. And no way to get out. And I was being pulled into the machine. So just out of sheer fear, I think, I pulled my leg out and it broke all the bones in the bottom of my leg and twisted my ankle bones round. And I was carried out and taken to hospital on a chair. And had a plate put in my leg.

Things to do...

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What to do next...

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What to do next...

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Lost Mills

Ghost Mansions

Lost Mills & Ghost Mansions

Lost Mills & Ghost Mansions

Photograph: UNSPUN by Tim Smith Photograph: Workers of Salts Mill from Eileen Mellor The Sangat Centre at Bradford Industrial Museum Northern Broadside did theatre productions in the derelict parts of the mill. When I was in there, I was thinking, 'I wonder if this is...

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Archive

Archive

The Archive of Lost Mills & Ghost Mansions Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lost MillsGhost Mansions

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Ghost Mansions Case Studies

Ghost Mansions Case Studies

          Photo: Bradford Museums and Galleries Cliffe Castle, Keighley, view from the Flower Garden with Signor Eugster de la Deheza, Ricardo Vines and Henry Isaac Butterfield (seated) c. 1890 I know that Robert Clough - he had a big mansion,...

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Do It Yourself

Do It Yourself

  Sangat Centre at Bradford Industrial Museum Photography by Alan Dix I think what people should do is show an interest in local history because one day (and I hope this never happens) there won’t be people like you, and there won’t be people like me, who have a...

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Mediawall

Mediawall

Photo by unknown IPLost Mills & Ghost Mansions media wallLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation...

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Textiles Today

Textiles Today

  Laxtons have been making worsted and fancy yarns in Yorkshire since they were founded in 1907. After moving much of their manufacturing overseas during the late C20th, they recently brought it all back to the UK with the opening of a state-of-the-art new...

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Changing Ways

Changing Ways

Photos by: I could see at that time that the mills were starting to close around Keighley all over the town and I thought ‘I need to be moving on somewhere’ and that's when I left in 1975 and joined the fire service. Automation Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur...

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Time Off

Time Off

[In] Saltaire there were lots and lots of foreign people. There were hundreds from Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, like me. Everyone there, in the hostel I stayed in, kept saying, ‘How do you grow spaghetti in Italy?’. So I made it up! We went to [the] shop. We...

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Local Area Studies and Map

Local Area Studies and Map

I grew up next to Marriner’s and I actually watched it burn down. It would have been in the ‘70s. I was in my grandma's house when the fire started ‘cos she lived round the corner. And I watched it burn down stood next to Dr Who off the telly at the time. Which was...

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Diverse workforce

Diverse workforce

The supervisors were white, whilst the machinists were Asians: Pakistani, Bengali and Indians. All very friendly. People looked out for each other and helped new ones get settled. This has changed. AD: How many people worked there? LM: 80-100 I should think, ‘cause...

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Working life

Working life

Spinning Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.   "Lorem ipsum dolor...

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Wordsmithery winning scripts

Wordsmithery winning scripts

Winning scripts   We have four Wordsmithery winning scripts! There was a high level of submissions from across Bradford and the quality and range of writing styles was fascinating to read.   The winners are:   The Crack by Sarah Goodyear Not So Smart-Whips by Tahir...

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